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Dog ownership, dog walking, and physical function in mid-older adults: Findings from the HABITAT cohort study

To examine the longitudinal effects of dog ownership and dog walking on self-reported and objective measures of physical function in mid- to older-aged adults.

Cardiometabolic Biomarkers and Prediction of Kidney Disease Progression: The eGFR Cohort Study

Traditional markers modestly predict chronic kidney disease progression in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Therefore, we assessed associations of cardiometabolic and inflammatory clinical biomarkers with kidney disease progression among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with and without diabetes.

Indigenous infants in remote Australia retain an ancestral gut microbiome despite encroaching Westernization

Studies of traditional Indigenous compared to 'Western' gut microbiomes are underrepresented, and lacking in young children, limiting knowledge of early-life microbiomes in different cultural contexts. Here we analyze the gut metagenomes of 50 Indigenous Australian infants (median age <one year) living remotely with variable access to Western foods, compared to age- and sex-matched non-Indigenous infants living in urban Australia.

Prevalence of type 2 diabetes among global Indigenous adult populations: a systematic review

Despite evidence documenting high prevalence of type 2 diabetes among several Indigenous populations, a comprehensive systematic review of type 2 diabetes among global Indigenous Peoples has not been recently conducted. Our aim was to report region-, time-, age- and sex-specific type 2 diabetes prevalence among Indigenous adult populations globally.

Mapping tuberculosis prevalence in Africa using a Bayesian geospatial analysis

Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from infectious diseases. Africa is the second most-affected region, accounting for a quarter of the global TB burden, but there is limited evidence whether there is subnational variation of TB prevalence across the continent. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate sub-national and local TB prevalence across Africa.

Caregiver-reported meaningful change in functional domains for individuals with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy: A convergent mixed-methods design

To investigate how caregivers of children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy and severe developmental impairments describe meaningful change for functional domains and why it is important.

High dose, subcutaneous injections of benzathine penicillin G (SCIP) to prevent rheumatic fever: A single arm, phase IIa trial of safety and pharmacokinetics

This Phase-IIa trial evaluates the safety and pharmacokinetics of high-dose, 10 weekly subcutaneous injections of penicillin (SCIP) in young people with a history of acute rheumatic fever (ARF).

Mapping the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections in the Western Pacific Region: a spatial modelling study

Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infections are a significant health issue in the Western Pacific Region (WPR). This study aims to produce high-resolution spatial prediction STH prevalence maps for the WPR.

“Society really does not like people with psychosis”: A thematic analysis of the stigma and self-stigma experiences of young people at-risk for psychosis

Stigma and self-stigma reduce self-esteem and increase hopelessness and suicidality. While psychotic disorders are widely recognized as the most stigmatizing of all mental health disorders, there is a dearth of research investigating how stigma and self-stigma are experienced by young people at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis.

Local therapy with combination TLR agonists stimulates systemic anti-tumor immunity and sensitizes tumors to immune checkpoint blockade

W. Joost Ben Lizeth Rachael Tao Omar Lesterhuis Wylie Orozco Morales Zemek Wang Elaskalani BSc PhD BSc, MSc, PhD BSc (Hons), PhD PhD BSc, MSc, PhD